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  以下内容由伊甸园网友liuqing9906提供前言：Apache是大多数linux版本的标准web 服务器，掌握他的意义就非常大。
本文以实验的方式，让读者快速掌握Apache的基本配置。

[实验目的]
1.Apache的基本安装和配置。
2.Apache中应用CGI。
3.基本代理配置。
[实验要求]
1.两台互通的RH8.0机。
2.这两台机已配置过DNS。
[实验步骤]
1.准备工作。
由于web 服务器与DNS关系非常紧密。作好这步准备工作，请参考本人的另一篇文章
“用实验快速掌握DNS配置”。这篇文章发表在linuxsir的网络版块。
DNS 能够实现的主要功能就是能能解析：station1.exmaple1.com,
server1.example1.com 两个域名的IP，如果你想在/etc/hosts中实现，我想也不是不可
以。这里不提倡这么做。
本文中作法比较教条，这里指明机器1为：server1.example1.com,机器2为：
station1.example1.com .读者也可以自己变通。

2.在机器1上安装和配置简单的Apache。
1) 检查下列包是否安装，
httpd
httpd-manual
缺什么，装什么。
2) 开启httpd服务
# service httpd start
如果开启失败，查看/var/log/httpd/下的相关日志，切记要在/etc/hosts中添加类似
192.168.0.254 example1.com server1 的一行。
3) 检查/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf中，有下列一行活动
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
4) 用一个浏览器打开：
http://server1.example1.com
如果是正常情况，你会看到Apache的介绍页面。
5) 创建新的目录和html文件。
# mkdir -p /var/www/virtual/server1.example1.com/html
# vi /var/www/virtual/server1.example1.com/html/index.html
Server1.example1.com
6) 编辑/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf,末尾追加下列文本。
NameVirtualHost 192.168.0.254


ServerName server1.example1.com
ServerAdmin root@server1.example1.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/virtual/server1.example1.com/html
ErrorLog logs/server1.example1.com-error_log
CustomLog logs/server1.example1.com-access_log combined

Options Indexes Includes


7) 确保DNS能够解析你的VirtualHost
# host server1.example1.com
8) 重新启动httpd
# service httpd restart
如果启动失败，看/var/log/httpd/下的相应日志，会告诉你具体哪里错误。
9) 在浏览器里能够看到你自己写的网页了吗？
http://server1.example1.com
10) 在机器2上能看到http://server1.example1.com吗？

3.机器1,在Apache中应用CGI
1) 编辑/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf,在块中添加下列一行：
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/virtual/server1.example1.com/cgi-bin/
2) 创建目录，创建文件。
# mkdir /var/www/virtual/server1.example1.com/cgi-bin
#vi /var/www/virtual/server1.example1.com/cgi-bin/test.sh

#!/bin/bash
echo Content-Type: text/html
echo

echo “”
echo My username is :
whoami
echo
echo My id i??獡s?? ??ゐ?!s :
id
echo
echo Here is /etc/passwd :
cat /etc/passwd
echo “”
3) 改变test.sh的执行权限：
# chmod 555 test.sh
4) 重启httpd服务：
# service httpd restart
若有错，看日志。
5) 浏览：http://server1.example1.com/cgi-bin/test.sh
6) 机器2能浏览http://server1.example1.com/cgi-bin/test.sh吗?

4.基本代理配置：
1) 机器1,检查squid 包装了没有，没有的话，则进行安装。
2) 机器1,启动squid 服务。
# service squid start
有问题? 看/var/log/messages.
3) 机器1,浏览器中设置代理端口为3128，举例：在mozilla： Edit | Preferences...|
Advanced | proxies 中，设定手动，端口为：3128，其他不动。
机器2，浏览器中类似设置为：手动，http代理：192.168.0.254 端口：3128。
4) 此时，机器1,能浏览server1.exmaple1.com.,若平时能上internet，此时也正常上
internet。
5) 机器2,不能浏览server1.example1.com 或internet。
查看/var/log/httpd/*的日志文件，原因是什么？
6) 编辑/etc/squid/squid.conf,在acl CONNECT method CONNECT行下，添加下列一行：
acl examample1 src 192.168.0.0/24
找到INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE 增加下列一行：
http_access allow example1
7) 重启squid
# service squid restart
有错？看日志。
8) 此时，机器2能够浏览server1.example1.com 或 internet网页.
9) 编辑/etc/squid/squid.conf ,在acl examample1 src 192.168.0.0/24行下添加
acl otherdeny dstdomain .sina.com.cn
在http_access allow example1下添加：
http_access deny otherdeny
10) 重启squid.
# service squid restart
有错？ 看日志。
11) 机器2，仍能浏览 http://www.sina.com.cn,为什么
12) 编辑/etc/squid/squid.conf ,把http_access deny otherdeny放到
http_access allow example1前面，重启squid,机器2还能看到
http://www.sina.com.cn吗

[实验总结]
Apache配置是否成功，与DNS有很大关系，所以，要求读者先花时间作好DNS工作。本文
以最通俗的方式，教你简单的配置Apache，如果想深入掌握它，还得研究Apache2.0的文档
。最近看到http://kajaa.bbs.us/ApacheManual/zh-cn/是kajaa老兄翻译成了Apache
的中文文档，相信对大家一定有好处。

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1.出师不利：搬家后，第一次坐公交车上班，挤了一个小时愣没上去车。
幽默笑话

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3.操之过急：到了车站，发现第一班车是5点半的，又苦等了1小时。 笑话

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幽默笑话

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成人笑话

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成人笑话

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极品笑话


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